Numbers 1 to 32 are placed along the circumference of a circle without repeating any number and still the sum of any two adjacent numbers in this circle is a perfect square!
Sum of Consecutive Cubes (Visual Proof)
The sum of the first n cubes is the square of the nth triangular number:
13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + 53 + . . . + n3 = (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + . . . + n)2.
Inverse Powers of Phi
Repunit Primes
Write the digit “1” exactly 317 times, and you get a palindromic prime number. Moreover, 317 itself is a prime number!
Visual Proof (sum of cubes)
The sum of the sequence of the first n cubes equals [n(n+1)/2]² as shown below:
1³+2³+3³+…+n³ = (1+2+3+…+n)² = [n(n+1)/2]²
Infinite Pythagorean Triplets
Consider the following simple progression of whole and fractional numbers (with odd denominators):
1 1/3, 2 2/5, 3 3/7, 4 4/9, 5 5/11, 6 6/13, 7 7/15, 8 8/17, 9 9/19, …
Any term of this progression can produce a Pythagorean triplet, for instance:
4 4/9 = 40/9; the numbers 40 and 9 are the sides of a right triangle, and the hypotenuse is one greater than the largest side (40 + 1 = 41).
Cauchy Product
A clever visualization of a Cauchy Product.
Each black square has value 1, each red square has value -1.
Fibonacci Spiral Jigsaw Puzzle
Each piece of this puzzle is similar (the same shape at a different size). The placement of the pieces is based on the golden angle (≈137.5º), and results in a pattern frequently found in nature (phyllotaxis), for instance on sunflowers. The puzzle features 8 spirals in one direction, and 13 in the other. You can build your own Fibonacci spiral puzzle by following John Edmark’s tutorial.
Circles and Golden Ratio
The last digit of the numbers in the Fibonacci Sequence are cyclic, they form a pattern that repeats after every 60th number: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 3, 1, 4, 5, 9, 4, 3, 7, 0, 7, 7, 4, 1, 5, 6, 1, 7, 8, 5, 3, 8, 1, 9, 0, 9, 9, 8, 7, 5, 2, 7, 9, 6, 5, 1, 6, 7, 3, 0, 3, 3, 6, 9, 5, 4, 9, 3, 2, 5, 7, 2, 9, 1.
Surprising Limit
Amazingly, this sequence of fractions converges to 0.70710678118…, or to be precise, to √2/2. The sequence is related to the Prouhet-Thue-Morse sequence.
