Fibonacci Zoetropes

The Fibonacci Zoetropes are sculptures by John Edmark. The spirals in the sculptures follow the Fibonacci sequence. When filmed at 24 frames per second and spun at 550 revolutions per minute, each frame represents a 137.5 degree rotation, which is equivalent to the Golden Angle.

© John Edmark

A Neat Geometrical Illusion: The Scintillating Starburst

As you maybe know, I am an expert in optical illusions… So, I would like to show you one of my oldest illusions I created in the 90s. In the picture you may see ghost-like dark radial beams. This illusion is a variant of the Herman’s scintillating grid illusion. I designed this illusion just by turning 45 degrees the Herman grid and then by applying a polar transformation.

Scintillating starbust illusion
From my book “Eye Tricks“, 2001-2007.

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Exterior Angles

In a polygon, an exterior angle is formed by a side and an extension of an adjacent side. The sum of exterior angles in any convex polygon always adds up to 360 degrees, as shown in the 2 visual proofs below. Therefore, for all equiangular polygons, the measure of one exterior angle is equal to 360 divided by the number of sides in the polygon.

convex polygon